Community Health Perspective - 2802 Words

A Community Healths Perspective for Disease Control Prevention Abstract The paper is intended to ascertain research statistics, facts, policies and analysis of topics that contributes to the health and wellbeing of a community. The effects of injury prevention and the control of infectious diseases are discussed. The rationale of controlling the cost of healthcare through behavioral and lifestyle changes is discussed. How does the exploitation of drugs, alcohol and tobacco influence the health of the community? In a community health setting, the relationship between affordable housing and violence prevention is analyzed. The impact of obesity on the community and other forms of chronic illness is†¦show more content†¦Public health is a science that studies the characteristics and factors that affects the health of a community. Studies are focused on protecting and improving the health of communities through lifestyle changes, research and education. Community health focuses the quality of life within a specific geographical region, whi ch is not precise to people with mutual characteristics. Community health is sub-categorically classified as a discipline within the field of public health. Research and data analysis in community health is not effective without skilled and properly trained public health professionals. These professionals are responsible for communicating public health information gathered by surveillance and health information systems to the appropriate authorities. Authorities include healthcare providers, policymakers and healthcare agencies involved in the control and regulations of community health problems. Public health officials conveys to their authorities, scientific evidence critical to the health and decision-making process of a community. Recommendations and other forms of persuasions are not the responsibilities of a public health official. Rather, it is the responsibilities of policy makers to make decisions based on the facts and scientific evidence presented by public health officials. II CAUSES OF DEATH Disease can be classified as anything that impairs the performances of essential functions of the human body.Show MoreRelatedA Major Threat For Community Health From A Historical Perspective And Evaluate The Various Responses Of Official Organization2345 Words   |  10 PagesReview a major threat to community health from a historical perspective and evaluate the various responses of official organisation in tackling this threat. Tuberculosis (TB) is caused by a bacteria called Mycobacterium Tuberculosis, which normally affects the lungs, but it can also affect any part of the body, including the bones and the nervous system. The disease is spread easily through prolonged exposure to someone who has the illness, from their coughs and sneezes. For a healthy individualRead MoreEssay on Health Education Intervention854 Words   |  4 PagesHealth Education Intervention Multiple approach to community health (MATCH) model, which was introduced by Simons-Morton, Greene and Gottlieb in the late 1980s, is considered to be very comprehensive and extensive for practical analysis. The model is not very popular among many scholars thus making it not much available in many texts. However, the paper is concerned about the reasons that make it the most preferred method of public health education intervention in the case of substance abuse (Simons-MortonRead MoreThe Inequality And Health Care1107 Words   |  5 PagesIntroduction The United States is world renowned for having the best health care if not the most accessible. Citizens have at their disposal a plethora of hospitals, physicians, and therapists to improve their well-being. Statistical data was taken back in 2010 under the Central Texas Region and studied health care coverage and income in regards to the community. The data displayed in the surveys heavily suggest that income/ health in general have a high correlation. The issue that arose with the givenRead MoreCritical Analysis Of Fence Line : A Company Town Divided943 Words   |  4 PagesCase studies allow for in-depth explorations of nuanced topics in real situations. They are especially useful in obtaining insight on specific issues or situations in their natural environment. Specifically, in critical health studies we are able take different models and theories and apply them to real situations to better understand the nuances behind them. In case studies, critical reflections are a necess ary tool. Critically reflecting on an issue or topic allows for the heart of the issue toRead MoreHealth Care and Sociological Concepts1349 Words   |  6 PagesHealth Care and Sociological Concepts It is health that is real wealth and not pieces of gold and silver. The American Health Care Industry is a very large social institution. The health care is the care, servicers, or supplies related to a person`s health. The three major sociological orientations are functionalist, conflict, and interactions; we will discuss each perspective as it pertains to the health care industry. Functionalism considers each aspect of society is interdependent andRead MoreThe World Health Organization ( Valentine )1226 Words   |  5 Pages Introduction The World Health Organization (WHO; 2015), estimated in the year 2013 China s population of 1,393,337,000 has experienced a different type of health outcomes. In where the nation China has been promoting an egalitarian society, while having achieved a greater health outcomes compared to the year 1949 communist revolution (Valentine, 2005). China has been successful in controlling many health indicators including the death rate of 6.9 per 1,000 in 2004 as one attributes due to BarefootRead MoreThese Health Professionals Have Different Perspectives1398 Words   |  6 PagesThese health professionals have different perspectives regarding Type 2 Diabetes services due to their conflicting values and beliefs. GPs are not in hierarchies, which signifies that they prefer making decisions independently, as compared to the collaborative work of PCNs (Glouberman Minztberg, 2001). GPs believe that medicine and research are more vital for a patient (Glouberman Minztberg, 2001). They focus on the treatment of diabetes, so long-term care is not carried out extensively by mostRead MoreThe Impact Of International Health Disparities On The United States And Nigeria1233 Words   |  5 PagesDuring my numerous trips to Nigeria to visit my extended family, I saw firsthand how international health disparities can affect communities. It is often challenging to make the highest standard of care available to all groups and individuals here, and I became increasingly motivated to devote myself to the mission of reducing health disparities in African countries. People in my family, regardless of societal class, suffered from various illnesses including HIV/AIDS, malaria, and polio because ofRead MoreObesity As Abnormal Or Excessive Fat Accumulation1511 Words   |  7 Pagesoverweight may cause health impairments such as cardiovascular diseases, mainly heart disease and stroke, diabetes, musculoskeletal disorders and some cancers. BMI (body mass index) is used for classifying adult obesity. The index is calculated by a person’s weight in kilograms divided by the square of his/her height in meters (BMI ≠¥ 25 = overweight, BMI ≠¥ 30 = obesity) (WHO, 2015). The Ministry of Health in NZ reported that, compared to non-Maori, Maori adults are facing more health risks like smokingRead MoreSociological Perspective On Health And The Health Care Essay1184 Words   |  5 PagesSociological Perspective on Health and the Health Care Overview The â€Å"Sociological Perspective on Health and the Health Care† introduced perspectives about social structure, and social relations. The readers learn the sociological theory and the main misconceptions related to health care, and their policies. It provides an explanation of the production and the distribution of health care services. Firstly, structural functionalism focuses on individuals and groups in society and how it maintains

Early Childhood Education Teaching Certification 2019

Early childhood education is generally defined as educational programs for children from infancy through the age of eight. As a practical matter, the term is often assumed to refer to activities for pre-school children, from birth through kindergarten. While education professionals often assume the former, the general public may think that the term is basically referring to pre- schoolers. The result is occasional confusion. Early childhood education jobs of all types require certification just as is the case for teachers at all other levels. There are several levels of certification available for those who wish to work in this field: teacher, teachers aide, day-care worker and others, depending upon the state in which you wish to qualify. In most states, to work as a teacher you will need a minimum of a bachelors degree plus course work in a training program for early childhood education. Often these credentials require course work focusing on a particular area, such as special needs children, pre-school or day care age group, and school-age children. .u76cc1143ef90001669c092fbe863d608 { padding:0px; margin: 0; padding-top:1em!important; padding-bottom:1em!important; width:100%; display: block; font-weight:bold; background-color:#eaeaea; border:0!important; border-left:4px solid #34495E!important; box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); -moz-box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); -o-box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); -webkit-box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); text-decoration:none; } .u76cc1143ef90001669c092fbe863d608:active, .u76cc1143ef90001669c092fbe863d608:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; text-decoration:none; } .u76cc1143ef90001669c092fbe863d608 { transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; } .u76cc1143ef90001669c092fbe863d608 .ctaText { font-weight:bold; color:inherit; text-decoration:none; font-size: 16px; } .u76cc1143ef90001669c092fbe863d608 .post Title { color:#000000; text-decoration: underline!important; font-size: 16px; } .u76cc1143ef90001669c092fbe863d608:hover .postTitle { text-decoration: underline!important; } READ Criminal Justice Bachelor Degree Single Parents in Colorado Find Convenience at Kaplan UniversityThe online resources for early childhood education range from certification courses all the way through the range of higher education degrees. University of Phoenix Online offers a bachelors degree in education with a specialization in elementary education. They also have a masters in education with a focus on early childhood education. University of Phoenix Online has an extensive list of continuing education classes for teachers, some of which are no doubt applicable to the requirements for an ECE certificate. Ashford University offers a bachelors degree in organizational management with a specialty in child study. This degree would be an excellent foundation for a professional position that focuses on early childhood education. Course work includes, among others, cognitive development, family studies, childhood development and group behavior. Associates degrees in early childhood education are available online. Bachelors, masters and doctorate programs in education are also found online and some of them offer specialization in early childhood education. This area of focus differs from standard teaching programs in that it concentrates heavily on the psychology of dealing with young children. Group dynamics, child behavior and misbehavior, the use of objects such as puppets for educational purposes this sort of study is the root of early childhood education. Mathematics, science and English sometimes take a back seat to the classroom psychology issues that are critical to understanding children new to the environment. .u048f208230a2a194e82385791ae21a10 { padding:0px; margin: 0; padding-top:1em!important; padding-bottom:1em!important; width:100%; display: block; font-weight:bold; background-color:#eaeaea; border:0!important; border-left:4px solid #34495E!important; box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); -moz-box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); -o-box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); -webkit-box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); text-decoration:none; } .u048f208230a2a194e82385791ae21a10:active, .u048f208230a2a194e82385791ae21a10:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; text-decoration:none; } .u048f208230a2a194e82385791ae21a10 { transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; } .u048f208230a2a194e82385791ae21a10 .ctaText { font-weight:bold; color:inherit; text-decoration:none; font-size: 16px; } .u048f208230a2a194e82385791ae21a10 .post Title { color:#000000; text-decoration: underline!important; font-size: 16px; } .u048f208230a2a194e82385791ae21a10:hover .postTitle { text-decoration: underline!important; } READ Find Online Law and Social Science Degree ProgramsPre-school certification is another area of study that is available through the Internet. This area of early childhood education is as heavily monitored by most states as are the schools in general. Pre-school operators must meet standards for their facility and their employees must meet educational standards just as teachers in the school system. Pre-school early childhood education is a profession that works well with online study, except for any student teacher requirements that may exist. Often an online college will have made student teacher arrangements in some of the geographical areas where they are accredited. Online early childhood education study requires some study on your part. Determine what area(s) you may wish to work in and explore the certification requirements in your state. Then turn to the internet for your degree. Related ArticlesEarning Your Graduate Degree OnlineFind Online Education and Teaching Degree ProgramsObtaining a Degree in TeachingOnline Masters and Doctorates Degrees in EducationUse the Internet to Attain a Masters Degree in TeachingThe Path to Teaching A Bachelors Degree in Education .u337a79dace9d20e0277585ea6298ceed { padding:0px; margin: 0; padding-top:1em!important; padding-bottom:1em!important; width:100%; display: block; font-weight:bold; background-color:#eaeaea; border:0!important; border-left:4px solid #34495E!important; box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); -moz-box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); -o-box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); -webkit-box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); text-decoration:none; } .u337a79dace9d20e0277585ea6298ceed:active, .u337a79dace9d20e0277585ea6298ceed:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; text-decoration:none; } .u337a79dace9d20e0277585ea6298ceed { transition: background-col or 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; } .u337a79dace9d20e0277585ea6298ceed .ctaText { font-weight:bold; color:inherit; text-decoration:none; font-size: 16px; } .u337a79dace9d20e0277585ea6298ceed .postTitle { color:#000000; text-decoration: underline!important; font-size: 16px; } .u337a79dace9d20e0277585ea6298ceed:hover .postTitle { text-decoration: underline!important; } READ Careers in Health Care Management

The Breaking Of Barriers By Elisabeth Israels Perry

The Americas Dashawn Austin The Breaking of Barriers Women were such central forces in the progressive era and the increase of social cohesion mainly because they were everywhere. They were really dedicated when it came to their jobs, at home, and in their community. Whether them working as domestic workers, in farms, at a factory, or studying at school, women were basically in all areas that required labor intensive skills. They held jobs in manufacturing, offices, classrooms, and stores.Women were also known as strong, central forces in society because of their hard work and determination. They refused to be of little significance to society and wanted to assist in improving and reforming American life. Even though women have been†¦show more content†¦But, sometimes breaking stereotypes only lead to more barriers being made, making it harder for these women to overcome them, however they did. A barrier seen through the Progressive Era was Gender Equality and Power. A woman s treatment before that time, according to the magaz ine article â€Å"Woman’s Home Companion† by Charlotte Perkins Gilman, was identical to slaves. The women of the late 19th century to the early 20h century had, â€Å"... not only no voice in the management of the country, but she had no control of her property, earned or inherited;no control of her own children; no control of even her own person...† Gilman even goes further saying, â€Å"If that is not a condition of slavery, it bears a close resemblance to it.† Indeed it does. It is shown that these women were being restricted of their natural human rights, trapped and maybe even confined in the shadow and power of men. But, this does not last very long. These women become bold and outspoken and lead a revolt that will change America forever. They will lead the Woman Suffrage Movement. The barrier of power is now broken. It is the Progressive Era and women are no longer backing down.They have dramatically changed and are no longer sitting down and letti ng men or society have power over them. They have taken charge and have started the woman suffrage movement. This Movement was very necessary and many believed so, it is seen in â€Å"Fourteen Reasons for Supporting Women s

Should Undocumented Immigrants Be Deported - 1196 Words

Should millions of undocumented immigrants be allowed to live in the U.S without the fear of being deported and losing their families? Undocumented immigrants who move to the U.S to help give a better life to their families should not worry about being deported. Undocumented immigrants risk their lives crossing boarders, just to give their families a better life. Not all undocumented are rapists, drug traffickers or any of the other things Donald Trump has said about the undocumented immigrant. Undocumented immigrant laws have become a situation because so many undocumented immigrants live and work in the United States. Trying to figure out whether undocumented immigrants should be deported or legalized is causing an effect on the families and they live in fear of what could happen and how it could change their lives forever. Many undocumented immigrants take many risks to cross the border and the fear that undocumented immigrants have to live with is unfair. Many Americans judge un documented immigrants because they think the only thing the immigrants came to do is to steal jobs but really undocumented immigrants are very hard working. they will work jobs that many people in the United States are not willing to do or the jobs they don’t want. Undocumented immigrants will work more than 10 hours a day, seven days a week, without a break just so they can put food on the table for their family and on top of trying to put food on the table, undocumented immigrants also payShow MoreRelatedThe Alien Act Of Illegal Immigration Essay952 Words   |  4 Pageshand, some argue that millions of undocumented immigrants should not be allowed to live in the United States, and should most likely exemplify fear of getting deported. From this perspective, it is said that if they are undocumented, then these immigrants have broken the law and therefore have a criminal record (Sandy). On the other hand, others argue that millions of undocumented immigrants should be allo wed to live in the U.S. without any fear of getting deported. My own view is that, and I specificallyRead MoreBruce Lee Once Said, â€Å"I Want To Think Of Myself...As A1054 Words   |  5 Pagesindividuals? Deporting immigrants with criminal records back to their countries of origin has become a method for the United States to provide safety for its own citizens. Sadly, those who pose no potential threat and have clean backgrounds get caught in this current dilemma. As a result, individuals who have done nothing wrong get deported as well. The United States should pay closer attention to who their immigration officers are choosing to deport. Discharging an immigrant who has a criminal historyRead MoreThe Distress Of Citizen Children With Detained And Deported Parents1216 Words   |  5 PagesDetained and Deported Parents In the United States, US born children also suffer when it comes to immigration and deportation because although they are US born, their parents are not, parents are at major risk of being deported because a large part of them entered the country illegally or with a Visa but remained in the country after it expired. In the past decade, nearly 2 million persons were removed from the country, 81 % of them to Latin America. Of the estimated 11.7 million undocumented immigrantsRead MoreThe Effects Of Illegal Immigrants On The United States1356 Words   |  6 PagesThere are millions of illegal immigrants in the United States, as Markon (2016) argues that the majority are from South and Central America, Europe, and Mexico. They form a population of between 10 million to 12 million undocumented immigrants in the United States. One of these illegal is my father, who came to the U.S.A in 1996 to work and tried to pay the numerous debts that he got in my country; in addition, my country had a large concern where there weren’t jobs and several banks had gone brokeRead MoreUndocumented Immigrants Should Be Legal949 Words   |  4 Pageswhether undocumented immigrants should be able to get full amnesty is still a controversy. Even though illegal immigrants did make an illicit action, many see the United States as an opportunity for a better future. In addition, undocumented immigrants should be granted citizenship because it will benefit the United States. Creating an amnesty for the students will help the United States by improving the economy, create more jobs and decrease deportation. Granting citizenship to illegal immigrants willRead MoreDeportation Of The United States Essay1527 Words   |  7 Pagesa nation since the first newcomers arrived over 400 years ago. Immigrants contribute deeply to many of the economic, social, and political processes that are foundational to the United States as a nation. Millions of immigrants are deported every year. The ethnicity of immigrants living in the United States come from all around. Mexico has the largest population of immigrants coming to America. â€Å"The number of unauthorized immigrants living in the United States is estimated to 11.2 million, the majorityRead MoreIllegal Immigrants in the United States Essay1209 Words   |  5 PagesMany people in America have something against immigrants who come to this country looking for a better life and to escape from violence. â€Å"It is certainly not fair that undocumented immigrant workers do not pay taxes, and it is certainly unfair that they use public services wi thout contributing to it† (Miller 55). For these Americans, their perspective on illegal immigrants is that they are nothing but a waste of space in this country and they are taking away this country’s resources and money withRead MoreImmigration And Customs Enforcement Officer And A Relative Who Experienced Staying At Different Detention Centers1060 Words   |  5 Pagesdetention centers in Texas for six months before she was deported to El Salvador. Before I started with the interviews I let them know about my research question and then I followed up with interrogations and thoughts, details and opinions. The first interview I conducted was with the ICE officer; Mr. Fields believes that to build a wall at the border will not solve any immigration problems. He believes only criminals should be detain and deported. He said when they arrest people that do not have a criminalRead MoreDonald Trump As A Man Of Knowledge Essay1154 Words   |  5 Pagesshowing his tax retur ns because he believes it will cause even more harm. During the campaign, Donald Trump has also brought us issues regarding deporting illegal immigrants. Donald Trump is an empowered man who should be applauded for taking advantage of tax breaks that he has the right to and because of that Illegal Immigrants should be given special treatment. Donald Trump is the epitome of a man of knowledge as well as a man of empowerment. Empowerment is a concept in law that the world seemsRead MoreIs It A Land Made By Immigrants?1470 Words   |  6 PagesProfessor Jennifer Stewart ENGL 1213 16 April 2017 This is a land made by Immigrants! As a multicultural nation that is the United States or America. I for one embrace the multitude of coming immigrants because I myself is an American citizen, born from immigrants. Although, this nation I live in, some have a say so. I’m taking a stance with pro-immigration with an event that unfolds daily in our lives as Americans and immigrants. Why I say it like that is cause, social and economic events between the

Jonas in Lois Lowry’s The Giver Free Essays

When you hear the word, â€Å"utopia,† you would generally believe that there’s no such thing, impossible to seek something so perfect. We all have those good and bad days. While perhaps that’s true, but in the novel, The Giver, we realize and understand why. We will write a custom essay sample on Jonas in Lois Lowry’s The Giver or any similar topic only for you Order Now It is impossible to take away all threats such as pain, fear, war, and hatred, to mainly create peace among the people. The Giver is written from the perspective of Jonas; an eleven-year-old boy living in a futuristic society that eliminated feelings and memories. Doing so, they pretty much isolated the people living in the community by making them all the same, â€Å"sameness.†Everyone is also incredibly polite. Anyways, Jonas becomes the Receiver of Memory, the most important person who stores all the past memories before sameness to aid the community in making hard decisions with which they are unfamiliar with. The community lacks any color, memory, climate, or terrain, all in the effort to preserve the structure and a true sense of equality. Jonas, unlike others, has the ability to see beyond. And the story shifts from there. While there are many themes in the novel, I understood more and more about memory and why it’s so incredibly important. Memories are important, they are the very key to success. The idea the community had in mind is that without memory, one will not experience painful feelings such as grief, regret, or other feelings that could create conflict with others. While there are bad feelings and memories; there are also many happy ones which provide comfort and love. Somehow, Jonas-bonus was able to have memories of color, creating a plot from there. It all started one day during school, Asher and Jonas were playing catch with an apple. Just for a glimpse, it changed. Not knowing what to say, he demanded pills to take control and stop these recurring changes. While the Giver explains the backstory of the community, we understand more about the societies past and their decision to create or alter to, sameness. Apparently, they eliminated choices because they aren’t safe. For example, the author states, â€Å"There’s much more. There’s all that goes beyond – all that is Elsewhere – and all that goes back, and back, and back. I received all of those, when I was selected. And here in this room, all alone, I re-experience them again and again. It is how wisdom comes. And how we shape our future.† (98) From this detail, we better understood the importance of the Receiver of Memory. While the society made the decision of eliminating feelings, they chose the one worthy person who could eventually overcome the pain and use it for the better good of the community. Pretty much, the pain and dirty work go to Jonas and the Giver, or any other Receiver of Memory. As held in high honor, all he does is aid the community with wisdom so they can react a certain way. What they don’t realize is what would happen after the memories are exposed. Memories can’t be all bad. Sure you might remember something bad every once in a while, but I’m sure that with memories comes improvement. That’s what the community doesn’t understand. Their whole life they have been living behind a rock named, â€Å"memories.†Sacrificing a huge part made the story seem more dystopian. While Jonas was freaking out, the Giver told him the truth about memories and why they were kept away, â€Å"The worst part of holding the memories is not the pain. It’s the loneliness of it. Memories need to be shared.† (193) The problem isn’t the memory itself; it’s the way the society has chosen to deal with it — and react against it. In addition, there is no pleasure without pain. For every pleasure you enjoy, you must suffer some pain, and the pain came from loneliness. This leads me to think, â€Å"why can’t everyone have the memories?†Our mind stores information and reminds us constantly to help us out. And you can’t eliminate that feeling. It’s somewhat similar to dreams and what we take away from them. But because the society is so cowardice they sacrificed the truth about themselves and their past. For instance, according to the to author, â€Å"But why can’t everyone have the memories? I think it would seem a little easier if the memories were shared. You and I wouldn’t have to bear so much by ourselves, if everyone took a part. â€Å"The Giver sighed, â€Å"You’re right,† he said, â€Å"But then everyone would be burdened and pained. They don’t want that. And that’s the real reason The Receiver is so vital to them and so honored. They selected me – and you – to lift that burden from themselves.† (142) The decision was cowardice, but it could have made sense. The price of this action is extremely high: if exposed chaos could occur, but they are filled with wisdom as well. Another example of memories came from the loss of Rosemary, The Giver’s daughter. Rosemary was one of the Receivers of Memories, but she couldn’t handle it at all. Instead, she took her life thinking things would get better. Now the community had feared more of memories. â€Å"All those feelings!† According to the novel, â€Å"Rosemary had only those five weeks worth, and most of them were good ones. But there were those few terrible memories, the ones that overwhelmed her. For a while, they overwhelmed the community. All those feelings! They’d never experienced that before. (180)† Rosemary opened the eyes to those feelings; Jonas too tried. The community made a decision to rule out feelings for this very reason. Imagine every dream filled with horror(most pasts were filled with pain from history). The people knew the truth, that it wasn’t the same years ago. Color, music, and love. Memories are important: they open eyes, they remind us why we keep going every day to achieve that long-awaited goal, they even create new ideas to aid us. Jonas-bonus is unlike his people. He knows and sees the unseen. The absence of color is essential to the story; it creates the problem, memory. The people got rid of memory, or color. And because he sees beyond; he’s different. Memories make us stronger, our vision and our color make us have features(with decisions). Through Jonas and his experience with the Giver, we come to a realization that all memories are equally valuable. To understand true happiness, a person must be able to connect it with something, a similar experience, a memory. Jonas understood happiness when the Giver gave memories of pain and sorrow. Because of all of this — and knowing that Gabe would die without him — Jonas took Gabe away where he would be safe. Jonas loves Gabe, a sign of hope for Jonas. Knowing the consequences, he still stole his â€Å"brother† to create a new life for him where there’s: color, love, and Christmas. In conclusion, memory is a vital part of our everyday life(each and every memory is valuable.). It reminds us every day why we work hard. It gives us an experience and a chance to feel happy. In with pain, out with happiness. While there are many themes in the novel, I understood more about memory and why it’s incredibly crucial. How to cite Jonas in Lois Lowry’s The Giver, Papers

Effects of Outward Foreign Direct Investment Essay Example For Students

Effects of Outward Foreign Direct Investment Essay The Effects of Foreign Direct Investment on the Home CountryForeign Direct Investment (FDI) could be defined as a minimum 10 percent investment of equity or capital by a firm based in one country (home economy) to an enterprise resident in another country (the host economy). The new entity then becomes a multinational enterprise (MNE). Many companies prefer FDI to exporting to gain access to new or larger markets, gain cost advantages in the host country and in response to trade barriers. There has been significant global growth of FDI since 1982. Although the United States is the largest home and host country of FDI, outflows have exceeded inflows. Japan in contrast, receives much less inflows than outflows. Cultural and financial management variations between countries do seem to influence the direction of FDI flow. Strategic governmental trade policies in recent years have supported the globalization to a more efficient world economy. Companies often get governmental assistance in attaining international economies of scale and first mover advantages. The huge inflows of FDI into the United States could be due to the falling value of the dollar in the late 1980s and early 1990s indicating exchange rates play a significant role in the choice of either horizontal or vertical FDI opportunities over exporting. Honda successfully used vertical FDI in the 1980s by establishing high quality operations in the United States. The company utilized U.S. suppliers for machine tools and parts capitalizing on currency exchange rates and local responsiveness. FDI is often preferred over licensing in the high technology or specialized industries, and in many cost sensitive industries. Significant research is necessary to evaluate the advantages of trade vehicles and their effects on the home country. Parent companies lobby for governmental policies that support free trade in order to gain competitive advantages in developing global markets. Many businesses suffer losses for m any years focusing on long-term growth potential. This paper will analyze the possible effects of FDI on the home country. Home country governments influence the ability of firms to invest in foreign countries. The radical view of FDI was popular until the end of the 1980s, and equated to the economic domination by companies rather than the economic development of nations. Radical policies were prevalent in communist countries and in Latin America in the 1960s-1970s. Radical regimes regularly expropriated multi-national companies and prohibited outward FDI. The collapse of communism, and the growth of the free market view marked the beginning of policies encouraging capital and technology transfers.The Smith and Ricardo Market Imperfections approach to FDI, involves maximizing gains and minimizing the costs of FDI. Most countries have adopted policies somewhere between the radical and free market approach, while still imposing some restrictions on outward FDI (Pragmatic nationalism). There are many potential benefits of FDI on the home country. Improvement in the balance of payments can be realized throu gh increased inward earnings, potential home country exports and foreign expertise that can be transferred back to the home economy. Opportunities to be exposed to new work practices and technology, can aid the home economy in managing and exploiting technology and knowledge-based assets. Higher living standards are also a general long-term benefit of outward FDI, due to the added value characteristics of comparative advantage, and more affordable products and services. Outward FDI could also detract from a home countrys capital stock. A negative balance of payments is possible if earnings arent realized in an acceptable time period. Also, if FDI is a substitute for direct exports or aimed at serving the home market from a low cost location, the balance of payments could be adversely affected. It could be argued however, that home country exports could be displaced over time by host country production whether it is by another foreign competitor or local companies opening their own d omestic operations. Thus, the opportunity cost is a loss of potential first mover advantage, as well as the loss of existing exports. In most cases studied, outward FDI results in complementary increases in exports over time, offering home country comparative advantages through efficiently organizing production to supply growing foreign markets. Reduced home country employment is an issue when FDI is substituted for domestic production (offshore production). Long-term home country resources are best utilized where they can add the most value and offer a comparative advantage. The impact of investment depends on whether the home countrys comparative advantage is in research and development, natural resources, or skilled labor-intensive industries. If efficiencies are realized then generally consumers of the home country benefit from reduced product prices. There is great wage disparity between the United States and many developing countries. It could be argued that outward FDI flow h as created a higher emphasis and value on the research and development class in relation to the unskilled class of workers in the United States. It is the role of government to balance the inefficiencies through policies that promote long-term consumer benefits of the home country. Assisting employees through educational assistance programs and training is one possible solution to elevating the lower skilled workforce. .ua7629f61d48ba3f9cfd2c3f564f99465 , .ua7629f61d48ba3f9cfd2c3f564f99465 .postImageUrl , .ua7629f61d48ba3f9cfd2c3f564f99465 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ua7629f61d48ba3f9cfd2c3f564f99465 , .ua7629f61d48ba3f9cfd2c3f564f99465:hover , .ua7629f61d48ba3f9cfd2c3f564f99465:visited , .ua7629f61d48ba3f9cfd2c3f564f99465:active { border:0!important; } .ua7629f61d48ba3f9cfd2c3f564f99465 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ua7629f61d48ba3f9cfd2c3f564f99465 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ua7629f61d48ba3f9cfd2c3f564f99465:active , .ua7629f61d48ba3f9cfd2c3f564f99465:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ua7629f61d48ba3f9cfd2c3f564f99465 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ua7629f61d48ba3f9cfd2c3f564f99465 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ua7629f61d48ba3f9cfd2c3f564f99465 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ua7629f61d48ba3f9cfd2c3f564f99465 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ua7629f61d48ba3f9cfd2c3f564f99465:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ua7629f61d48ba3f9cfd2c3f564f99465 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ua7629f61d48ba3f9cfd2c3f564f99465 .ua7629f61d48ba3f9cfd2c3f564f99465-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ua7629f61d48ba3f9cfd2c3f564f99465:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: The Road Not Taken EssayGovernments can encourage and restrict FDI in their home countries. Encouragement is offered in policies toward foreign risk insurance, financing arrangements, tax incentives, and pressuring foreign governments to remove trade barriers. Capital flow control restrictions are used in attaining balance of payments and in limiting funding of foreign investments. Many governments also utilize manipulation of tax rules in order to encourage firms to invest in the home country. Political disruptions or prohibitions in trading with certain countries are other ways that FDI outflows are restricted. World leaders have removed many restrictions on FDI in recent years resulting in phenomenal growth in the movement of capital. Capital abundance has been associated with countries that have lower interest rates and strong currencies as evidenced by the United States economy over the past twelve years. The Uruguay round of GATT and more recently the policies of the World Trade Organization (WTO) have included the services and intellectual property policies which now accounts for over half of all investment flows. Outward FDI is a strategic option that firms can now utilize for comparative advantages and increasing the home countrys national economy. Small countries for instance have small local markets and need to invest abroad for future economic growth and to fight against foreign competition. Home countries are also more inclined to plan production in countries that are near the developing customer base, decreasing transportation costs and enabling greater growth in attainment of e conomies of scale. Its important that the WTO and home country governments include issues such as human rights and environmental regulations when analyzing the trade-offs of outward FDI. In conclusion, it is apparent that outward FDI will continue to be a vehicle that companies will pursue in gaining comparative economic advantages resulting in higher revenues and profit growth. Customers should benefit from competition, which supports downward pricing, and the home countrys desire to get closer to their foreign customers thereby adapting to their preferences and production standards (local responsiveness). Relationship studies have shown a complementary correlation between outward FDI and exports. The benefits to the home country are even greater when both countries have strong currencies, low interest rates and an increasing GNP. Home country governments must analyze their balance of payments, and associated global risks when constructing outward FDI policies in serving its own na tional economic interests. Bibliography:REFERENCES:Charles W.L. Hill, International Business: Competing in the Global Workplace, Part III The Global Trade and Investment Environment National Academy Press, Office of Internal Affairs Committee on Japan Global Economy, Global Technology, Global Corporations- Open book web accessChapter 3, pp.24-39 Foreign Direct Investment http://books.nap.edu/books/0309058473/html/index.htmlNational Bureau of Economic Development Effects of Outward Foreign Direct Investment on Home Country Performance http://www.nber.org/books/ito9/Edward M. Graham Institute for International Economics, Washington, DC On the Relationships Among Direct Investment and International Trade in the Manufacturing Sector: Empirical Results for the United States and Japan- http://www.ap.harvard.edu/papers/RECOOP/Graham/Graham.htmlRoyal Economic Society Media Briefing Effects of Foreign Investment - http://www.res.org.uk/media/lipsey.htm